Concrete road joint



March 26, 1940.

c. OLDER 2,194,718

coucamn ROAD JOINT a Shets-Sheet 1 Filed June 25, 1938 I J267/6I8/Z01? v CZvfiQard alder March 26, 1940. v c. OLDER 2,194,718

- CONCRETE ROAD JOINT Filed June 25. 1938 s SheetsSheet s J3 GZi/jord 020. 62

I rowan/Z61 .Patented Mar. 26, 1940 oonoaarr. norm Jom'r Clifford Older, Wilmette, Ill.

Application June 25, 1938, Serial No. 215,748

40mins. X01. 94- -18) 7 in which the reinforcing and anchoring wings of g The present invention relates to concrete road joints, and is particularly concerned with load transmission devices for concrete road joints. This application is a continuationin-partof my prior application,

Serial No. 110,960, flled November 16, 1936, for Concrete road joints.

One of the objects of the invention is the,pro-

vision of an improved concrete load transmission means by means of which the deflection from the normal or no-load plane or position of the roadway to the position under load is reduced to a minimum.

Another object of the invention is the provision of an improved load transmission arrangement in which vertical play is eliminated and in which the doweling structure is as stiff as possible r with respect to the vertical deflection of the concrete sections at the joint. 1

Another object is the provision of an improve doweling structure for concrete road joints which is of maximum stiffness and in which the tendency of the dowel member to split or spread the parts of theconcrete section in which the dowel i member slides is resisted by an improved structure that practically eliminates any possibility of deflection due to splitting action.

Another object is the provision of an improved doweling structure by means of which the forces applied to the ends of the concrete sections by the dowels are distributed over a wider area and by means of which the tendency toward splitting of the sections of concrete at the dowels is efiectively resisted.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description and the accompanying drawings, in which similar characters of reference are employed throughout .the several views.

Referring to the two sheets of drawings, Fig. 1 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view, taken on a plane passing through the axis of the dowel, of a portion prising the adjacent sections of concrete and a of the concrete roadway comdoweling structure constructed according to the invention shown in connection with one form of expansion joint;

Fig. 2 is an end elevational view of the doweling structure, separate and apart from the concrete, taken from the right end of the structure of Fig. 1;

- Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1 of a modification in which both ends of the doweling structure are constructed the same as the right hand end of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is another similar view of a modification Figs. 1 and 2 have been widened until they enage andassist in the support of an anchoring Fig. 5 is a similar view of another modification, 5 in which the face flange of each fltting has been wholly eliminated and the anchoring flange is wholly carried by the radially extending wings of the fitting;

Fig. 6 is another view, similar to Fig. 2, of the fitting, taken from theright hand end of Fig. 5,

without the concrete.

Fig. '7 is a view similar to Fig. 1 of a modification in which the doweling device is constructed of sheet metal and a rod;

Fig. 8 is an end elevational view, looking from the right hand end of Fig. 7, with the concrete removed;

Fig. 9 is a sectional view, taken onthe plane of the line 99 of Fig. 8, showing a mode of attachan ment together of the parts of thedoweling device;

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary sectional view of the end of a modified device of the type used at the left side of Fig. 7, in which the sections of the on the plane of the line I l--l l of Fig. 10, showing the structure of that form of doweling device.

Referring to Fig. 1, the concrete sections are indicated by the numerals I0 and II, and separated by a space 12, which may be filled by any crushable medium 13, such as an initially plastic, pre formed flller or separator, or by crushable means, such as flber wallboard, for example The crushable fillers l3 are of sufficient width to extend from the top to the bot- Celotex.

tom of the concrete, and are provided with circular bores IQ for receiving the doweling arrangements, further to be described. 4o

. The doweling structure may be constructed of cast metal, and it comprises a pair of members having similar anchoring arrangements.

For

example, the right hand doweling member I5 is a cast metal member which is formed with a cylin- Z drical or tubular body lihaving an inner.machined' bore I1 and having a plurality of integral, radially extending wings l8, such as the four wings 18 shown in 2, which are equally spaced with respect to each other.

The wings l8 extend from one end of the tubularmember Hi to theother end, and they act as anchors and as means for transmitting the stress from the doweling member ii to the concrete section I I.

device are held together at the end by a cap, thereby eliminating the necessity for welding;

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary sectional view, taken section II together, to resist splitting action at concrete roadway, the wings I8 are just as effective.

The tubular member I6 is preferably provided at the end adjacent the crack l2 with a face flange l9, which is integrally joined to the tubular member 16 and extends at right angles to the axis of the tubular member IS. The face flange l9 may be of any shape in elevation, such as rectangular, hexagonal, octagonal, etc.; but is preferably made circular in shape, as this will accomplish the same result with the use of a minimum amount of metal.

The face flange 19 supports at its outer edge a bearing flange 20, which is cylindrical in shape and integrally joined to the face flange IS. The bearing flange 20 extends backward into the concrete section II, and by means of the face flange I9 stresses applied to the doweling member l are transmitted from the tubular member l6 to the bearing flange 20, which is engaged in the concrete of the section II. Thus theforces exerted on the doweling structure are distributed. Furthermore, any tendency to split on the part of the concrete II at the doweling structure is, of course, resisted by the tubular member I6; but such splitting tendencies are additionally resisted by the cylindrical flange 20, which tends to bind the intermediate portions of the concrete the dowel.

The left hand doweling member 2| of Fig. 1 may comprise a solid cylindrical member which is provided with a similar face flange l9 and bearing flange carried by the outer edge of the face flange IS. The doweling member 2| in Fig. 1 is provided with an axially projecting cylindrical rod or dowel member 22, which is machined to be a close sliding flt in the machined cylindrical bore l1. a

The doweling member 22 is of such length with respect to the tubular member l6 that there is a space 23 in the end of the tubular member, and the tubular member will wholly accommodate the doweling member 22, so thatthe face flanges I! in Fig. 1 may in a contraction joint be placed directly against each other or against a division plate of negligible thickness.

The tubular member l5-ispreferably provided with a threaded bore 24 for receiving the threaded rod or set screw 25, which in'this case has a laterally turned end 26, so that it can be manipulated by the hand to engage the cylindrical doweling member 22. Thus the member 2| may be placed with its rod 22 in the bore I 4 of the flller l3, and the right hand member l5may be pushed up against the side of the flller, and there secured by means of the set screw 25. By providing a filler. l3 of sufficient strength to support the doweling members, the present doweling arrangement may be installed as a unit, with the filler as shown in Fig. 1.

Referring to Fig. 2, this is a modification in which a separate cylindrical dowel rod 21 is prohand of Fig. 1.

In this case the rod may be of such length with respect to the depth of the sockets or bores IT as to leave spaces 23 for expansion. Both doweling members I5 are secured to the rod 2'! by set screws, as described in Fig. 1, and thus clamped on the filler l3.

Referring to Fig. 4, this is another modification in which the wings, similar to the wings I8, are indicated by numeral 28, because they are of different structure, since'the wings have been made wide enough to extend into integral engagement with the bearing flange 20, as well as the face. flange 19. In this case the bearing flange 20 is additionally reinforced by being secured to wings 28, and the doweling structure is made stronger by theincreased bearing area provided on the wings 28.

Referring to Fig. 5, this is another modification of the structuresof Figs. 1-4, in which the face flangeriil has been wholly eliminated and the bearing flange 2|! is wholly supported by the radially extending wing flanges 28. This may result in a saving of material by saving the cost of the face flange material, and load is transmitted from the tubular members IE to the bearing flange 20 by the radial wings 28.

It will thus be observed that I have invented an improved doweling structure for concrete road joints, which may be utilized in either contraction or expansion joints, as distinguished from the devices of the prior art-in which there is a tendency for the concretev below and above the doweling members to split off before the doweling member is stressed to full capacity. The present invention is adapted to eliminate the possibility of this destruction of the concrete and to distribute the load throughout the concrete.

, The doweling arrangements described herein are of the maximum stiffness, reducing deflection to a minimum, and practically eliminating any lost motion or play. The structure of the present device is such that the forces exerted on the dowel member, tending to spread the doweling members or split the concrete, are more effectively resisted.

The present devices may be constructed at a low cost because they are made of cast metal, and

, they may be shipped in a knocked-down condition and assembled on the job. As many doweling members may be employed as are considered necessa y, the doweling members being preferably spaced regularly along the crack between the concrete sections.

Referring to Figs. 7, 8, and 9, the load transmission devices need not necessarily be constructed of cast metal, as Figs. 7-11 show a mode of sheet metal construction.

46 of whichis located on a radius that is flush with a line'passing dowel rod 40.

The width of the radially extending flanges or wings 45 at one end 41 is such that it is a subthrough the'center of the stantial fit in the cylindrical flange 48 of a stamped sheet metal face plate 49 and the edge 41 of the wing 45 may be tapered downward toward the left, as shown in Fig. 9, so as to be a drive fit inside the cylindrical flange 38. Thus the face plate 49 may secure the sectional members 43 together to form a member with a cylin- I together.

drical bore 50 for receiving the rod 40 and a plurality of wings formed by the flanges 45.

The flanges of which the wings 45 are formed can be'spot welded together, as indicated at (Fig. 8), in which case the end of the bar 50 can be closed by means of a stamped sheet metal cap 52, which has a cylindrical flange 53 and a radially extending flange 54. The cylindrical flange is a drive fit in the bore 50.

The face plate 49 has a bore 55, which registers with the bore 50 andit engages the end-of the wings 45.

In this embodiment also one or more set screws 56 may be provided for clamping the doweling members 4|, 42 on the dowel rod 40, as shown in Fig. l, and for assembling the load transmission device with a crushable filler 51, such as a strip of Celotex, which is adapted to form a space between the two sections of concrete.

In other embodiments of the invention, I may dispense with the spot welding 5| between the flanges 45 of the wings and utilize a cap member 58 of substantially cup shape, having an end portion 59 which is adapted to close the bore 50, and a cylindrical portion 60, which engages outside of the cylindrical parts 44 of the members 43. Naturally the cylindrical flange 60 must be provided with a plurality of slots 6| suitably located to pass thewing flanges 45, as shown in Fig. 11. The size of the cap 58 is such that it is a drive fit on the members 43, which it clamps All of the parts of the fixtures may be constructed of pressed steel, welded or riveted together, or secured together by caps, as described.

Where caps are used and rivets or welds omitted, the caps should necessarily be heavier than otherwise. plate may also be welded in place. In other embodiments of the invention the cap 58 need not be slotted, but it may stop short of the cylindrical flange 60.

The operation of the embodiment of Figs. 7-11 is substantially the same as those previously described.

The bore 50 is preferably machined after as- 1. In a doweling structure, the combination of v a metal body formed with a socket oi uniform cross section, a cooperating metal body formed with an outwardly projecting dowel member, adapted to slide into said socket, outwardly extending flange means carried by one of said bodies, and inwardly extending border flange means carried by one of said bodies for engaging If desired, the caps and face plied to said metal body to the concrete and having substantially uniform effective bearing area, irrespective of the rotative position of the metal body in the concrete, said metal body being provided at the outlet of its socket with a face plate and backwardly extending" anchoring means carried by said'face plate and embedded in the concrete to transmit loads on the metal body to more distant points in the concrete, said backwardly extending means comprising a bearing 3. In a concrete road joint, the combination of crushable means provided with an aperture, with a dowel member extending through said aperture, and a doweling member located on each side of said crushable means, comprising a metal member provided with a socket, said socket having means for engaging the dowel member, whereby the metal members may be secured to the crushable means by clamping on the dowel member, said metal members each being provided with a plurality of radially extending wings for engaging in the concrete, said wings being equally spaced about the periphery of the metal member, whereby the efiective bearing area of said wings in the concrete issubstantially the same, irrespective of the rotative position of the metal member, said wings supporting a bearing flange located at one end of said metal body said crushablemember, means for supporting said cylindrical member in one of the concrete sections, said socket member slidably engaging said cylindrical member in the other of said concrete sections, said socket member being provided with a face flange engaging the crushable member,

and said face flange being provided with an inwardly projecting cylindrical flange, whereby the face flange transmits load to portions of the concrete which are spaced from the cylindrical member, and means for securing said socket member-on'said cylindrical member, said latter means being adapted to permit the sliding movement of the cylindrical member of the socket member under the stresses developed in the concrete sections,

GHFIORD 0mm. 

